Analytic approach for optimal quantization of diffractive optical elements.

نویسندگان

  • U Levy
  • N Cohen
  • D Mendlovic
چکیده

One of the most important factors that limit the performance of diffractive optical elements (DOE's) is the depth accuracy of the relief structure. A common procedure for fabricating DOE's is the binary optics procedure, in which binary masks are used for the fabrication of a multilevel relief structure. Here an analytic procedure for calculating the optimal depth levels of DOE's, the phase bias, and the decision levels is presented. This approach is based on the minimization of the mean-squared error caused by the quantization of the continuous profile. As a result of the minimization an optimal value for the etching depth of each photolithographic mask is determined. The obtained depth values are, in general, different from the depth values used by the conventional multilevel approach. Comprehensive mathematical analysis is given, followed by several computer simulations that demonstrate the advantages of the proposed procedure.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Analytic design and solutions for resonance domain diffractive optical elements.

A model for designing and analyzing complicated surface relief diffractive elements in the resonance domain is developed. It is based on subdividing the complicated diffractive element into many highly efficient local diffraction gratings whose surface relief modulations can be effectively characterized as slanted volume gratings for which closed form analytic solutions exist. The model is illu...

متن کامل

Generalized design of diffractive optical elements using neural networks

Diffractive optical elements (DOE) utilize diffraction to manipulate light in optical systems. These elements have a wide range of applications including optical interconnects, coherent beam addition, laser beam shaping and refractive optics aberration correction. Due to the wide range of applications, optimal design of DOE has become an important research problem. In the design of the DOEs, ex...

متن کامل

Pseudospectral method for the analysis of diffractive optical elements

A pseudospectral method for the analysis of diffractive optical elements is presented. This method is a fullvectorial direct solution of the time-domain Maxwell equations based on a spectral approximation of the spatial derivatives employed within a multidomain framework. The method exhibits little numerical dispersion, and only a few points per wavelength are needed to accurately resolve the p...

متن کامل

Optimal full speckle suppression in laser projectors using one 2D Barker code-type optical diffractive elements

The effective method of a speckle suppression using one moving 2D diffractive optical elements based on the periodic Barker code sequence is developed. It was proved that method has the same optical parameters as method based on two 1D Barker code DOE stretched and moving in orthogonal directions. It is shown that DOE movement in special direction allows to use full numerical aperture of object...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Applied optics

دوره 38 26  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1999